Home昔日真理報2012年 真理報文章2012 年 1 月【社會心】聖經與酒(13)--飲酒自我測試

【社會心】聖經與酒(13)--飲酒自我測試

 

"醉酒駕駛"似乎是十二月最多討論的題目,包括警方所依仗的法例受到挑戰,可能要暫緩執行,警訊節目詳細解釋何謂醉駕,健康節目則介紹長期飲酒對身體的影響,ICBC也不斷播送"不要酒後駕駛"宣傳片等等,甚至乎基督教報紙也在討論相關話題!

很多朋友都說,自己並非酒徒,即使每次出外晚飯時都飲上5-6枝啤酒,不單說"沒有醉"、"完全沒問題",當然不會承認自己是有酗酒問題啦。其實,怎樣可以測試出某人的飲酒水平是否到了"酗酒"程度?究竟是用何準則來釐訂?今期特別就此作出探討,認為合用的,不妨剪存。

密芝根酒精測試(MAST)
早於1971年開始使用的"密芝根酒精測試"(MichiganAlcoholScreeningTestMAST)是較為長久而仍然有效的測試工具。它共有25條是非題,後來修正為22條,各位可以試答,看看是否符合你的處境:

1.你覺得你是一個正常酒量的人嗎?("正常"與一般人的份量差不多)___是___否

2.有你曾經在早上甦醒後忘記了前一天晚的飲酒情況?___是___否

3.是否有親屬或親密的朋友曾經擔心或抱怨你的飲酒?___是___否

4.你能否在飲用一或兩杯酒後,可以毫無困難地停止,不飲?___是___否

5.你有沒有覺飲酒後有罪咎感呢?___是___否

6.你有沒有參加過戒酒無名會(AA)或戒酒自助小組的聚會?___是___否

7.你有沒有曾經在飲酒期間發生打架?___是___否

8.有沒有因飲酒而影響你和親屬或朋友之間的關係呢?___是___否

9.有任何家人或親密的朋友因你的飲酒問題而找人幫助?___是___否

10.你有沒有因為飲酒而失去部分朋友?___是___否

11.你有沒有因為飲酒而在工作中帶來痳煩呢?___是___否

12.你曾經因飲酒而失去工作?___是___否

13.你有沒有因為飲酒而連續兩天或以上忽略了自己在家庭或工作中的責任?__是___否

14.你是否經常在中午前有飲酒?___是___否

15.是否曾經有人(醫護人員)告訴你有肝臟問題,如肝硬化?___是___否

16.大量飲酒後,你有沒有出現身體劇烈震動,視覺或聽覺的幻覺?___是___否

17.你有沒有找人幫助處理飲酒問題?___是___否

18.你有因為飲酒而入住醫院嗎?___是___否

19.曾否因為飲酒導致你在精神科病房住院?___是___否

20.你曾否因情緒問題,包括飲酒,而去找醫生、社工、牧師等尋求幫助?___是___否

21.你曾經有你一次以上受酒精影響下駕駛被逮捕?___是___否

22.你有沒有因為飲酒及其他問題而被逮捕或拘留了幾個小時的?___是___否

MAST測試結果:每題"是"=1分;"否"=0分你的總分是:______分

0-3分未有明顯飲酒問題;4-5分:出現初期飲酒問題;6分以上有醉酒問題。

CAGE測試:

這個是較簡單,古老和流行的的篩檢工具之一,只有四個是非問題。請試回答:

C-你有沒有覺得你應該減少飲酒?(Cutdown)___是___否

A-曾經有人對你惱火而批評您飲酒?(Annoyed)___是___否

G-你有沒有對自己的飲酒感到不好或有罪咎感呢?(Guilty)___是___否

E-你曾經在早上先喝一杯酒來定神,或擺脫宿醉?(Eye-opener)___是___否

答案有2分或以上表示有飲酒問題。留意,這些問題內容指各因飲酒帶來的問題,如自身內疚,家人朋友對你的反應,增加飲酒次數而不自覺等等。此測試對白人,中年男性很準確,但對於老人,白人女性,非洲及墨西哥美籍人士則不太準確。

小結:

不論是MAST或CAGE測試,都是反映出你對飲酒之後所帶來的改變,很多時是知道的,但又不以為然,好比一隻青蛙在寒冬裡遇上暖水,很享受溫暖感覺,甚至不察覺原來已掉進獵人的大水煲,到了水溫升到灼熱時,已沒有能力反抗。好飲酒者的通病,是自視酒量比人高,再多一杯也不成問題,以前都沒有問題,大不了睡一覺明天便沒事。於是,不斷容許自己飲下去,直這正如耶穌曾經說過:"他們所作的,他們自己不曉得",因為他們對酒的認識不足,不斷地飲,直至問題出現,便為時已晚。

"你們要小心,恐怕因酗酒、沉醉並今生的思慮,累住你們的心,那日子就如同網羅忽然臨到你們。"(路21:34)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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