Home昔日真理報2012年 真理報文章2012 年 3 月【苦難的預防針】約伯記 (2) - 天庭會議論約伯

【苦難的預防針】約伯記 (2) - 天庭會議論約伯

 

編者按:本文曾在台灣《基督教論壇報》連載過,近日經作者重新整理,在此刊出,供各位願對《約伯記》作深入研讀的弟兄姊妹參考。本期接續上期所刊部份,首次讀到本文者可參閱本刊2012年1、2月號本欄文章。

約伯可能是摩西時代的人物。在約伯記前二章裡面,有三次記載約伯的「完全正直」,這不表示他不會犯罪﹔約伯自己表明他也曾經犯過罪。「你按罪狀刑罰我,又使我擔當幼年的罪孽......」(13:26)「但如今你數點我的腳步,豈不窺察我的罪過麼﹖我的過犯被你封在囊中,也縫嚴了我的罪孽。」(14:16-17)

約伯的「完全正直」,在原文是由兩個字來表達,意涵是無可指摘或純全,以及正直。中文和合本聖經此處的翻譯頗為簡明達意。這是表示他人格的完整性﹑一致性﹔是表裡一致的,人前人後也一致。

約伯像王子一般受人尊崇(29:7-11,31:37)﹔他的人格,包含有公義﹑仁愛﹑濟弱﹑扶殘﹑關懷等美德﹕「我(約伯)以公義為衣服,以公平為外袍和冠冕。我為瞎子的眼,瘸子的腳。我為窮乏人的父﹔素不認識的人,我查明他的案件。我打破不義之人的牙床,從他牙齒中奪了所搶的。」(29:14-17)

不鄉愿的約伯

很明顯的,約伯不是一個「鄉願」的人,不會和稀泥。他的言語,堅固愁苦的人﹑安慰傷心人﹑指教有需要的人﹑鼓勵自信不足的人(16:3-5,29:21-25)。他不會覬覦他人妻女而起淫念(31:9-12)。他也不會眼見恨他的人遭報應,就幸災樂禍(31:29-30)。

他是誠實的,不會像亞當遮掩自己的過犯﹑將罪孽藏在懷中(31:33)。他不會為了自己的好處,或是在權勢威脅之下,就改變自己的原則,或說謊話去傷害別人﹑保全自己。

他的判斷也是不偏袒任何一方的。這樣的人也不會「看人大小眼」─憑外貌斷定人﹕不會對有錢﹑權﹑勢﹑地位的人﹑衣著光鮮的人,特別巴結﹑尊敬﹔不會對普通人愛理不睬的﹔對於貧窮﹑沒有地位﹑學識的人,也不會頤指氣使,鄙視他們。

他不會藐視僕﹑婢,因為他知道,他們和他自己一樣,是被同一位神所造的(31:13-15)﹗他也不會剝削農工﹑佔人的便宜,吃田地裡的出產而不付價錢(31:38-40)。他一切所言﹑所行,都可以寫在訴狀上,由全能﹑公義的神作裁判(31:35-37)。

澄明﹑清澈的約伯

所以,我們可以說,像約伯這樣「完全正直」 的人,所持守的待人處世原則是﹕對的就去做,錯的就認錯,以後改過來。這有點像是耶穌在馬太福音五章37節所說的﹕「你們的話,是,就說是﹔不是,就說不是﹔若再多說,就是出於那惡者。」(那個「惡者」,現在也出現在約伯記這裡。)久而久之,他必然通達事理﹑老練﹑成熟﹑完美﹑行事得神喜悅。

所以,約伯是一個澄明﹑清澈的人。我喜歡用「澄明﹑清澈」來表達,是因為這樣的人會給人一種純淨的感覺,在他身上沒有詭詐﹑乖謬之事出現,所以讓人喜愛親近他。尤其在當今是非經常混淆不清的時代與社會中,許多的政﹑商﹑名人,已不識「人格」之為何物﹔此時讀約伯的完美人格,益顯其真純,極為可貴﹗

敬畏神,更表示他對於神的專一。神是他一切思想﹑生活﹑言行﹑待人處事的標準﹔生命中,他一切都以向神負責的態度來生活。他知道神是創造者,也是掌權的管理者﹔他知道神是施恩者,也是最高的審判者﹔他知道天地間一切的人﹑事﹑物都在全能神的眼目鑒察之下。

從約伯和他三個朋友的辯論中,我們可以看得出,他對神有這樣子清清楚楚的認識(7:17-21,9:1-12,10:8-17)。因為他專一敬畏神,他就會有謙卑的態度對神﹑對人,知道自己實在毫無可以誇口之處,因為知道一切美好的事物與賜福,都是出於神,而不是出於自己。

因為約伯專一敬畏神,他也就遠離神所不喜悅的惡事。甚至連他的兒女們筵宴之後,他都要「按著他們眾人的數目」為他們獻燔祭,一個都不遺漏,擔心他們任何一個人可能犯了罪,得罪神。這一方面顯出了約伯作為大家長的責任,也是他對子女們的父愛。另一方面,也顯明了他看重和神的關係,他不願意任何屬於他自己的人﹑事﹑物,有任何得罪神之處,而影響了他和神的關係。(作者現在素里聖道堂牧會)(待續)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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