Home昔日真理報2012年 真理報文章2012 年 9 月【進入應許之地】分配應許之地(1)

【進入應許之地】分配應許之地(1)

 

在「於是國中太平沒有爭戰了」的情況下,約書亞乃憑信心將全迦南地分給十二支派,由《約書亞記》第十三章至第二十二章,就是上帝給予以色列民的「地契」。而(書13:1-7)就是一個很簡潔的藍圖,分地是由代表團協助,而產業的分配是由拈鬮方式進行。(13:7、8)及(14:3)說明分地的方法:河東分給流便、迦得和瑪拿西半支派,河西按人數分給其他九支派和瑪拿西半支派,利未人在河東則沒有產業,在河西也由各支派分配城邑(參閱廿一章),他們負有神聖的職務,沒有自己的產業,卻可在世俗弟兄們管理的城邑和草原上有份。

《約書亞記》第十三章1節這樣說:約書亞年紀老邁,耶和華對他說:「你年紀老邁了,還有許多未得之地,就是非利士人的全境和基述人的全地。」(當時他約在九十至一百歲之間,迦勒時年八十五,14:10),上帝告訴他,雖然他終身為進入應許之地而奮戰不懈,但事實上仍未竟全功。第十三章7節又這樣說:「現在你要把這地分給九個支派和瑪拿西半個支派為業。」上帝吩咐他將以色列人共同倚靠努力所得的成果分享,以致可以先安頓下來。古往今來,「前人種樹後人享」,上帝正告訴約書亞,他在進入應許之地這事上,正盡了前人的責任。

有關地業的分配,我們留意到幾件事:

(1)地業是由祭司以利亞撒和約書亞用烏陵土明來分配(14:1,民18-21)。

(2)《約書亞記》後半部給予猶大首要的地位,而且對她有詳盡的描述。猶大是約但河以西第一個疆界劃清的支派,這是由於雅各的預言(創49:8-12),並在以色列歷史上得以持續(王下17:18)。而位於猶大中部山地及非利士人沿海之地中間地業(高原15:33),大部分未被以色列人佔過,直到大衛爭戰大獲全勝時才擁有,以後又重新分給但支派(參19:41-43)。

(3)開始記分約但河西之地時,特別提及耶和華對迦勒的信實(14:1-15),乃由於迦勒專心跟從耶和華以色列的上帝(14:14)。迦勒是以色列的精神領袖(民14:24及申1:36),同時,他與約書亞過約但河時排除以色列人畏懼的心,他終於得到希伯崙為業,其後希伯崙成為大衛第一個首都。

(4)由於約瑟家族人數眾多(分地多少是根據人數而定),於是用「獨一無二」分配,約書亞告訴他們「可以上比利洗人、利乏音人之地,在樹林中砍伐樹木」(17:15),而分給以法蓮及約但河西的瑪拿西半支派的地業:記載佔兩章(16:1-17:18),在猶大之後約瑟兩支派有優先地位。

(5)約但河以東分給流便、迦得及瑪拿西半支派之地(13:8-33)。(13:8-12 )略述二支派半分得在約但河東的產業(因為「瑪拿西那半支派和流便、迦得二支派已經受了的產業,就是耶和華的僕人摩西在約但河東所賜給他們的」(參民第32章之歷史)。由於昔日流便和迦得兩支的子孫以「自己牲畜極其眾多,又看見雅謝地和基列地是可牧放牲畜之地」為理據,先自選約但河東之地,也就成了日後外邦人入侵並導致亡國的缺口。

(6)利未支派不需要擁有地業:「只是利未支派,摩西沒有把產業分給他們。他們的產業乃是,獻與耶和華以色列神的火祭,正如耶和華所應許他們的。」(13:14)(見申18:1-8;申18:1)「無分無業」,指沒有私有土地。如本卷21:41、42所記,城鎮和四周的郊野劃分出來給利未人使用,百姓所獻的十分之一和所獻的部分祭物也歸他們(利27:30;申14:22-29;尼18:21-29)。但更寶貴的是「耶和華是利未人的產業」(13:33),我們要細嚼其中屬靈的意義。

(7)瑪拿西地分十份(17:5 十分地),其中五份給了亞比以謝等五兄弟的子孫(2節),不包括希弗,因希弗的兒子西羅非哈沒有兒子;另外五份給了他的五個女兒瑪拉、挪阿等(3節,見民26:33;27:1-7),在《聖經》中,男女是十分平等的。

(8)巴蘭無份於產業(13:22)。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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