Home昔日真理報2013年 真理報文章2013 年 1 月【問得好】為甚麼亞當犯了罪要我們來承擔?

【問得好】為甚麼亞當犯了罪要我們來承擔?

【粵語發音】  

 

有人心中抱不平,因為基督徒指出自亞當犯罪後,世人要承擔他犯罪後的結果,那是不是等於上帝不公平?請看以下回答。

亞當是人類的總代表

首先,聖經清楚告訴我們,亞當是人類的始祖,當上帝創造亞當夏娃後,上帝就賜福給他們,又對他們說:「要生養眾多,遍滿地面,治理這地,也要管理海裡的魚、空中的鳥,和地上各樣行動的活物。」(創世記1:28)世人是從他們與他們的後裔一直生養繁衍而來,故此亞當是人類的總代表,他不聽上帝的話墮落在罪中,成為有罪的人,即人類亦成為有罪的人類。聖經指出:「這就如罪是從一人(亞當)入了世界,死又是從罪來的;於是死就臨到眾人,因為所有的人都有罪。」(羅馬書5:12)試用例子說明,好像一粒壞了遺傳基因的蘋果,它種出來的蘋果變成壞蘋果,這些壞蘋果繼續種出來的仍是壞蘋果,因為它由遺傳而獲得了使果實變壞的基因。我們人也是一樣,亞當夏娃犯罪後,罪性便進入人類,於是人人都會犯罪,正如聖經說:「世人都犯了罪。」(羅馬書3:23)

罪果是有牽連性的

其次,我們要承認罪果是有牽連性的,昔日上帝在人犯罪前已經發出警告,聖經記載耶和華 上帝曾吩咐亞當說:「園中各樣樹上的果子,你可以隨意吃,只是分別善惡樹上的果子,你不可吃,因為你吃的日子必定死!」(創世記2:16-17) 但結果他吃了,於是死亡便臨到他,他雖活到930歲,但仍難逃一死。不單如此,上帝對亞當夏娃所執行的審判今天仍然生效:「又對女人說:我必多多加增你懷胎的苦楚;你生產兒女必多受苦楚。你必戀慕你丈夫;你丈夫必管轄你。又對亞當說:你既聽從妻子的話,吃了我所吩咐你不可吃的那樹上的果子,地必為你的緣故受咒詛;你必終身勞苦才能從地裡得吃的。地必給你長出荊棘和蒺藜來;你也要吃田間的菜蔬。你必汗流滿面才得糊口,直到你歸了土,因為你是從土而出的。你本是塵土,仍要歸於塵土。」(創世記3:16-19)

罪果牽連了世人到如今,即使我們人沒有犯亞當當時吃禁果的罪,女人卻仍要面對生產之苦,人要勞苦才得糊口,地會長出荊棘蒺藜來,還有人要面對死亡等惡果!同樣道理,上帝昔日要賜福給人,又對他們說:「要生養眾多,遍滿地面,治理這地,也要管理海裡的魚、空中的鳥,和地上各樣行動的活物。」(創世記1:28)但人沒有好好的治理地球,不好好管理萬物,諸如濫用農藥、濫捕魚獲、濫殺動物等,使大地受污染、海洋及陸地動物絕種等,即使你和我可能沒有做出這些行為,但我們卻受其中的牽連而受苦。

只能怪人不能怪上帝

我們既然因人犯罪而受苦,要責怪的是人而不應是上帝,不能推卸責任。但人的問題是常常推卸責任,從亞當犯罪後便如此,聖經記載上帝審問亞當時,耶和華說:「誰告訴你赤身露體呢?莫非你吃了我吩咐你不可吃的那樹上的果子嗎?」那人說:「你所賜給我、與我同居的女人,她把那樹上的果子給我,我就吃了。」耶和華上帝對女人說:「你做的是甚麼事呢?」女人說:「那蛇引誘我,我就吃了。」(創世記3:11-13) 我們看見亞當推卸責任給夏娃,夏娃推卸責任給蛇,人不斷地推卸責任,更嚴重的是推到上帝身上,甚至責怪上帝為甚麼不難阻亞當犯罪,並且責怪上帝為何創造會犯罪的人。

上帝並非照亞當所行的審判我們

話說回來,人雖然受到亞當罪果及別人罪果的各種牽連,但上帝卻不是按著亞當或別人所犯的罪去審判我們,乃是照各人自己的行為受報的。聖經論到末日主耶穌基督的大審判時說:「 我又看見一個白色的大寶座與坐在上面的;從他面前天地都逃避,再無可見之處了。我又看見死了的人,無論大小,都站在寶座前。案卷展開了,並且另有一卷展開,就是生命冊。死了的人都憑著這些案卷所記載的,照他們所行的受審判。於是海交出其中的死人;死亡和陰間也交出其中的死人;他們都照各人所行的受審判。」 (啟示錄20:11-13) 祂的審判是公義的,聖經羅馬書2:6說:「祂必照各人的行為報應各人。」又說:「凡恆心行善、尋求榮耀、尊貴和不能朽壞之福的,就以永生報應他們;惟有結黨、不順從真理、反順從不義的,就以忿怒、惱恨報應他們......因為上帝不偏待人。凡沒有律法犯了罪的,也必不按律法滅亡;凡在律法以下犯了罪的,也必按律法受審判。」(羅馬書2:7-13)

上帝給我們開出路

故此,我們承擔了亞當或別人的罪果即或不好受,但各人面對上帝審判時,自己要承擔的罪果更嚴重。聖經說:「凡不潔淨的,並那行可憎與虛謊之事的,總不得進那城(天堂);只有名字寫在羔羊生命冊上的才得進去。」(啟示錄21:27)人都是不潔淨的、虛謊的,都是有罪過的,按著上帝的審判,人人都應該要死,人人都沒有資格到天堂去,只有到地獄去。

然而,上帝卻是慈愛的,聖經啟示人說:「耶和華,耶和華,是有憐憫有恩典的上帝,不輕易發怒,並有豐盛的慈愛和誠實,為千萬人存留慈愛,赦免罪孽、過犯,和罪惡。」(出埃及記34:6-7) 上帝並且道成肉身到世上來,就是主耶穌基督,祂來完成了救恩,使我們有罪的人因信靠祂可以免受審判 。主耶穌說:「凡在人面前認我的,我在我天上的父面前也必認他;凡在人面前不認我的,我在我天上的父面前也必不認他。」(馬太福音10:32-33)

親愛的朋友,請不要再為亞當或別人犯罪後的惡果抱不平,反倒要自我省察,讓上帝的靈感動自己,為所犯過的罪認罪悔改,接受主耶穌基督為救主跟隨祂,使罪得赦免、得享祂所賜的新生命及永生。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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