Home昔日真理報2013年 真理報文章2013 年 1 月【開卷有益】從十二門徒看自己

【開卷有益】從十二門徒看自己

【國語發音】  

 

BookCover人之不同各如其面,世上沒有兩個絕對相同的人,即使是孿生子在性情、喜好和思想各方面,總有差異的地方。耶穌的十二個門徒也是一個獨特而有趣的組合,每個人有著鮮明的個性,三年以來,朝夕相處,一起學習,配搭同工,曾擦出豐富而多姿采的火花。

著名的釋經學者馬有藻博士按照聖經中對十二門徒的敘述,逐一分析他們的性格、優點和缺點,寫成了《從十二門徒看自己》,讀來趣味盎然。作者的描繪就彷彿一面鏡子,讓讀者從門徒身上看到自己的影子,更重要的是看見上帝對每個人的心意。

十二個門徒在當時的社會裡都是最普通不過的尋常百姓,就像你我一般平凡。他們當中沒有一個是出生於顯赫的家族,也不是飽覽經書的學者,更不是名成利就的大商家、宗教家或政治家。他們在性格上甚多瑕疵,同樣犯錯,與一般人無異,但耶穌親自揀選他們、呼招他們、塑造他們、悉心教導他們三年之久,用諸般方法鍛鍊他們、考核他們,期望他們日後肩負絕不平凡的重任!

門徒之中有三對兄弟,分別是彼得與安得烈、西庇太的兒子雅各和約翰、亞勒腓的兒子雅各和馬太;而十二個門生之中又有至少七人是以捕魚為業的,包括彼得與安得烈兩兄弟、雅各與約翰兩兄弟、拿但業、多馬和腓力,他們彼此都是相識的,不但同鄉,更是同行,關係緊密,想不到的是這群忠厚的漁夫,一直以雙手努力打魚維持生計,卻蒙耶穌揀選,一起奉獻餘生,為天國捕獲更多的靈魂。

在成為耶穌的門徒之前,他們當中也有一些在政見或信念上是持敵對態度的,就如奮銳黨的西門和效忠羅馬政府的稅吏馬太,他們意見相左,卻在同一位老師門下受教,學習後此接納和相處之道,必定是一門不簡單的生活哲學;加上各人性情迥異,有人急躁、有人柔弱、有人多疑、有人率直、有人驕傲自負、也有人內歛謹慎,在這樣的一個團契組合裡,若不是被耶穌的愛溶化、陶造和更新,絕不可能彼此包容,互相磨合,甚至有著同一的心志,願意為宣揚真理,不惜賠上自己的性命!

彼得常常在門徒名單中排列榜首,足見他在這個團隊裡領袖的位置。他確實有領導的才幹和影響力。他的美德多,可是缺點也不少。他是典型的加利利人,性情率直豪放、熱情勇敢,卻容易衝動,行事鹵莽,心直口快,行動先於思想。彼得的好奇心驅使他經常發問,我們今天才懂得更多屬靈真理,他曾向耶穌問道:「饒恕人要多少次才好?」「我們為主已撇棄一切,將來可得甚麼獎賞?」「主啊,這人將來如何?」每一個問題都牽引出深層的意義,啟發屬天的智慧。

與彼得恰恰相反,他的弟弟安得烈個性隨和安靜,在哥哥鋒芒畢露的掩蓋下,他安於退居幕後,絕不多言,不好爭辯,卻善解人意,而且觀人於微。在五餅二魚的神蹟裡,是他留意到一個小朋友帶著五個餅兩條魚,也不嫌瑣碎,難成大事,艱難地穿越群眾,來到耶穌面前。他只知道聽從老師的吩咐,盡本份做應該做的事,努力地在人群中找食物,找到多少便是多少,去滿足這裡許多人的需要。

跟隨耶穌的三年裡,他們從世俗的理解轉向屬靈的領悟,從驕傲自大轉向謙卑順服,從信靠自己轉向仰賴上帝,從膽怯懦弱轉向勇敢剛強,從無學問的小民轉變為初期教會舉足輕重的屬靈領袖,因為耶穌復活的大能將他們的生命徹底扭轉過來。

十二個門徒都是平凡人中的平凡人,並無過人之處,他們各有優點,可是他們的失敗和軟弱不見得比我們少。他們之所以變得不平凡,是因為呼召他們的是一位不平凡的主。無論人生有多少缺失,只要我們願意交到耶穌手中,經歷祂的塑造和改變,生命也能煥然一新,發出光彩。不是我們能,而是上帝能。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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