Home昔日真理報2014年 真理報文章2014 年 10 月【敬拜與音樂】聖經裡的頌歌

【敬拜與音樂】聖經裡的頌歌

 

聖經中除了了記載著一個又一個神的子民與神相遇的經歷外,還有一首又一首神的子民頌唱的詩歌,這些詩歌大部分是記載在詩篇中,而亦有不少是記載在詩篇以外的書卷中。在今期的文章中我將會跟大家看看幾首聖經中的詩歌。

讚美詩或頌歌〈canticles是從拉丁文canticulum 而來〉是來源於在聖經裡的聖詩,意思為詩篇以外的詩歌〈Psalms outside the Psalter〉。在東方和西方基督教教會的禮儀中常常用頌歌為祈禱,崇拜者會以唱吟這些讚美詩和詩篇來向神表達感恩的讚美。

早期希臘的聖經手稿提出了一系列 14 首的頌歌,包括《大榮耀頌》﹝Gloria in Excelsis Deo﹞及瑪拿西的禱告。現代東正教設有巴勒斯坦九大系列的頌歌(8 首舊約的頌歌和結合馬利亞的《尊主頌》並撒迦利亞的《讚主曲》的頌歌﹞。在東正教和天主教教會有九個聖經的頌歌在晨禱的時間被歌頌﹐這些構成了晨禱〈Matins〉重要部分的基礎。

下面是一些常見的頌歌:

* 摩西在他和以色列的生命兩個非常重要的事件的時候也唱歌。摩西之歌I﹝出埃及記15:1-18﹞摩西帶以色列人離開埃及,當他們經過紅海之後,摩西和以色列人向耶和華唱歌。摩西之歌II﹝申命記32:1-43﹞摩西臨終之前將這一篇歌的話向以色列全會眾聽。

* 約拿的禱告﹝約拿書2:2-9﹞約拿說:「我遭遇患難求告耶和華,你就應允我。從陰間的深處呼求,你就俯聽我的聲音。你將我投下深淵,就是海的深處,大水環繞我,你的波浪洪濤都漫過我身。我說:『我從你眼前雖被驅逐,我仍要仰望你的聖殿!』諸水環繞我,幾乎淹沒我,深淵圍住我,海草纏繞我的頭。我下到山根,地的門將我永遠關住。耶和華我的神啊,你卻將我的性命從坑中救出來。我心在我裡面發昏的時候,我就想念耶和華。我的禱告進入你的聖殿,達到你的面前。那信奉虛無之神的人離棄憐愛他們的主,但我必用感謝的聲音獻祭於你,我所許的願我必償還。救恩出於耶和華!」

* 馬利亞受聖靈感動,唱出頌歌又名《尊主頌》〈Magnificat〉﹝路加福音1:46-55﹞。馬利亞說:「我心尊主為大,我靈以神我的救主為樂,因為祂顧念他使女的卑微。從今以後,萬代要稱我有福,那有權能的為我成就了大事,祂的名為聖!祂憐憫敬畏祂的人,直到世世代代。祂用膀臂施展大能,那狂傲的人正心裡妄想就被祂趕散了。祂叫有權柄的失位,叫卑賤的升高;叫飢餓的得飽美食,叫富足的空手回去。 祂扶助了祂的僕人以色列,為要記念亞伯拉罕和他的後裔,施憐憫直到永遠,正如從前對我們列祖所說的話。」馬利亞《尊主頌》與哈拿的禱告一起最常見的﹝撒母耳記上2:1-10﹞。哈拿禱告說:「我的心因耶和華快樂,我的角因耶和華高舉,我的口向仇敵張開,我因耶和華的救恩歡欣!只有耶和華為聖,除祂以外沒有可比的,也沒有磐石像我們的神。人不要誇口說驕傲的話,也不要出狂妄的言語;因耶和華是大有智識的神,人的行為被祂衡量。勇士的弓都已折斷,跌倒的人以力量束腰。素來飽足的,反做用人求食;飢餓的,再不飢餓。不生育的,生了七個兒子;多有兒女的,反倒衰微。耶和華使人死,也使人活;使人下陰間,也使人往上升。祂使人貧窮,也使人富足;使人卑微,也使人高貴。祂從灰塵裡抬舉貧寒人,從糞堆中提拔窮乏人,使他們與王子同坐,得著榮耀的座位。地的柱子屬於耶和華,祂將世界立在其上。祂必保護聖民的腳步,使惡人在黑暗中寂然不動,人都不能靠力量得勝。與耶和華爭競的必被打碎,耶和華必從天上以雷攻擊他,必審判地極的人;將力量賜予所立的王,高舉受膏者的角。」

* 並且撒迦利亞的頌歌《讚主曲》〈Benedictus〉﹝路加福音1:68-79﹞。「主以色列的神是應當稱頌的!因祂眷顧祂的百姓,為他們施行救贖, 在祂僕人大衛家中,為我們興起了拯救的角, 正如主藉著從創世以來聖先知的口所說的話,拯救我們脫離仇敵和一切恨我們之人的手; 向我們列祖施憐憫、記念祂的聖約,就是祂對我們祖宗亞伯拉罕所起的誓,叫我們既從仇敵手中被救出來,就可以終身在祂面前,坦然無懼地用聖潔、公義侍奉祂。孩子啊,你要稱為至高者的先知,因為你要行在主的前面,預備祂的道路,叫祂的百姓因罪得赦就知道救恩。 因我們神憐憫的心腸,叫清晨的日光從高天臨到我們,要照亮坐在黑暗中死蔭裡的人,把我們的腳引到平安的路上。」

* 另一個聖經頌歌中,西面的頌歌《西面頌》 又名《謝主曲》〈Nunc Dimittis〉﹝路加福音2:29-33﹞。西面得了聖靈的啟示,知道自己未死以前可以看見主所立的基督。當他進入聖殿,遇見耶穌的父母抱著耶穌進來,他就稱頌神說: 「主啊,如今可以照你的話,釋放僕人安然去世!因為我的眼睛已經看見你的救恩,就是你在萬民面前所預備的,是照亮外邦人的光,又是你民以色列的榮耀。」《西面頌》在聖公會的公禱書常見的是在晚禱〈Evensong〉時候讀或唱。在路德的傳統《西面頌》常見在於聖餐後的頌歌。

當你仔細讀完這些頌歌之後,你是否注意到作者在一個非常重要的改變生活的事件之後,作者便會不能自禁的開始唱這些頌歌?而這些往往成為她/他們的見證,而這些頌歌是有內容的並不是並不是「無病呻吟」。今天,當你傷心或開心的時候,你有沒有一首歌可以使用來唱?你的頌歌會是怎樣的頌歌?

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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