Home昔日真理報2014年 真理報文章2014 年 12 月【特稿】靈命成長中的 鍊、明、合

【特稿】靈命成長中的 鍊、明、合

 

 HeadLine 1412 0B Atc

 

靈命成長是基督一個熱門話題。保羅多次用「在基督裏」來形容基督徒的的靈命成長:「......現在活著的,不再是我,乃是基督在我裏面活著......」(加2:20)約翰福音描述耶穌是葡萄樹,我們是枝子。「你們要常在我裏面,我也常在你裡面。」(約15:4)究竟,怎樣才可以「在基督裹」?靈命成長又是怎樣的呢?近期,筆者有機會翻閱歷代聖人的靈程進路,包括大德蘭的「七寶樓台」;十架約翰的「靈魂黑夜」;梅頓的默想禱告生活;盧雲的獨處和禱告,和伯爾約的四種級數的愛,都叫我頓時興奮不已,以為自己已經擁抱了二千年的靈修珍貴傳統。特別是 Clement of Alexandria 的「鍊」(purgative),「明」(illumination),「合」(union with God),彷彿是為自己度身定造的一個靈程進階。可是,轉瞬間,又發現自己處身於重重迷霧中,看不到東南或西北。這些豐富並奧秘的聖人經驗,始終超乎我的思維和經驗所能盛載。去整理消化基督信仰的靈修傳統,殊非易事,唯有在自我靈命反思的過程,嘗試領悟箇中的一點一滴。


p4-soloman近年,在我的靈性生活中,經常經歷兩股互相矛盾的力量。我心靈深處,極其嚮往安竭在神大愛汪洋中的那份「安」(restfulness),但在日常的生活中,卻經常處於那份忐忑不安(restlessness)的狀態。這種不安的源頭,相信是來自小時候,生活窮困,害怕別人看不起自己,所以自小便努力讀書,攻克己身,大了後要創一番事業,出人投地。所以,心中有份強烈的向上心,也近乎野心。但另一方面,自己性格內向,且被教導要虛懷若谷。所以,這份潛藏著的野心,往往被壓制下來,偶爾出現,亦被那份「謙遜」的外貌包裝起來。


畢竟,這份「野心」和「謙遜」都不能帶來心靈的恬靜。當進一步認識及實踐安靜等候的內在生活一段時間後,那份偽裝的謙遜與隱藏的野心,就慢慢浮現出來。這種心靈的醒覺,就像Clement靈程三階的「鍊」的起步。在這個「鍊」的過程中,安靜默禱尤其重要。在認識自己內裏幽暗的同時,又體會到人靈性的本源。面對引發不安的種種情緒,如恐懼、內疚、憤怒、嫉妒等,安靜默禱提供一個神性的空間,讓他們在我們的思維層面浮現,然後透過心靈的醒覺,輕輕讓他們如浮雲般飄走,每次它狠狠地來,就輕輕地讓它走。在這個靈程階段,「不安」與「安」交錯出現,在「不安」中經歷與神同在的「安」。這份「安息」,就成為新的動力,驅便我們關懷鄰舍、淍濟窮人、見証基督。這或許就是 Clement 所謂的靈程三階的「明」。


在自己的經歷中,從「鍊」到「明」,不是一條向上的直線籃圖,而是一條迂迥反覆的互動過程。靈命的成長,不在乎我們昨天有多少寶貴與神親蜜的經驗,累積多少屬靈智慧。它不像儲蓄金銀,可應急時之需。靈命的成長,是在乎每一個當下,你是否願意放下自己,活在神之內,又讓神活在我們之內。


在靈命成長過程中,另一個特別的體會,就是以為與神愈親近,從「鍊」到「明」,更而到「合」的時候,心中的不安自然慢慢退卻,性格的幽暗地方亦因透過鍊靜,而進入光明。可是,在實際的經驗裏,卻非如此。雖然,平靜安隱的時刻比以前多了,也深了,可是,那份「不安」同時也比以前更多更深。當我們更深進入神的同在,與他連合的時候,我們更敏銳看見自己的軟弱無助,更醒察心中的黑暗。這種敏銳往往帶來更深的懊悔,更大的「不安」。當保羅深深經驗主大愛的時候,頓然醒覺自己是「罪人中的罪魁」。這個時候,我們親近神的動力也會冷卻下來,縱然免力安靜等候,也找不到神。神的在或不在,己超乎我們的羅輯思維,亦遠離我們情感的駕馭,這種神在又不在的經驗,使我或許明白十架約翰「靈魂黑夜」的一點一滴。


在這個「鍊」和「明」的過程中,有時會產生「屬靈的驕傲」,以為自己已經得著了,更喜歡與別人比較競賽。最後,這個「屬靈的驕傲」會奪走了之前的「安」,亦難以醒覺上主的臨在。所以,梅頓(Thomas Merton)提醒我們,在靈命成長中,時刻緊記,我們始終是個初學者。"We will never be anything else but beginners all our life。"


這樣看來,我的「不安」不會因「鍊」和「明」所帶來的「安」所驅走。換言之,我要學習在「不安」中經歷那份「安」。在「安」中又要安然懷抱那份「不安」。「安」與「不安」在我靈性生活中相互共舞。「安」與「不安」都是慈愛上主寶貴的禮物,讓我在人生歸途上,學習及經歷 Clement 所描述的「鍊」、「明」和「合」。

 

(作者為前中僑互助會行政總裁、溫哥華華人信義會堂議會主席,溫哥華市警監會專員,現就讀維真神學院神學研究碩士課程)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

Go to top