Home昔日真理報2015年 真理報文章2015 年 8 月【特稿】聖經文字信息最早的分類

【特稿】聖經文字信息最早的分類

 

message當保羅在提摩太後書3:16講到:"聖經都是神所默示的" 時,很顯然,新約聖經還未形成,因此保羅在這裡所指的 "聖經" 顯然是指舊約,即希伯來聖經--最早的聖經。

希伯來聖經僅僅分為三個部分:即律法書(law)、先知書(prophet)和聖文集(writings)。

希伯來聖經無疑也是主耶穌所認可的聖經,根據路加福音24:44-45記載,"耶穌對他們說:這就是我從前與你們同在之時所告訴你們的話,說:摩西的律法、先知的書和詩篇上所記的,凡指著我的話都必須應驗。於是耶穌開他們的心竅,使他們能明白聖經。"其中因詩篇是聖文集的第一本書,故以此詩篇代表聖文集,如同希伯來聖經中摩西五經之每本書均以其原文的頭一個字為書名一樣。

既然 "聖經都是神所默示的",那 "默示" 到底是什麼意思呢?依據 Strong's Concordance,"默示" 在原文中有三個解釋,且完美地與希伯來聖經的三個部分相契合:

一、上帝親自講話(God-breathed)
集中在律法書、四福音書、使徒行傳、啟示錄:
(1)聖父親自講話—舊約:

"神就賜福給他們﹔又對他們說,要生養眾多,遍滿地面,治理這地﹔也要管理海裏的魚、空中的鳥、和地上各樣行動的活物。"(創一:28)

"耶和華豈有難成的事麼?到了日期,明年這時候,我必回到你這裡,撒拉必生一個兒子。"(創十八:14)

"耶和華從會幕中呼叫摩西,對他說:......"(利一:1)

(2)聖子主耶穌親自講話—新約:

"耶穌看著他們說:'在人這是不能的﹔在神凡事都能。'"(太十九:26)

"耶穌看見這許多的人,就上了山,既已坐下,門徒到祂跟前來,祂就開口教訓他們,說:......"(太五:1-2)

(3)聖靈親自講話:
"聖靈對腓利說:'你去貼近那車走。'"(徒八29)

二、上帝借著先知(舊約)、使徒/門徒(新約)講話(Inspired by God )
集中在舊約先知書8卷(其中有被新教稱為歷史書的約書亞記、士師記、撒母耳記上/下、列王紀上/下和新約使徒書信)。

"萬軍之耶和華曾如此說:'敵人必擄盡以色列剩下的民,如同摘淨葡萄一樣。你要像摘葡萄的人摘了又摘,回手放在筐子裡。'"(耶六:9)

"奉神旨意作基督耶穌使徒的保羅和兄弟提摩太,寫信給在哥林多神的教會,並亞該亞遍處的眾聖徒。"(林後一:1)

三、人依據聖靈的引領表述自己的看法(Due to the inspiration of God )
集中在聖文集(writings),其中有11卷,包括詩篇、箴言、約伯記、傳道書、雅歌、耶利米哀歌、但以理書、歷代志(上/下)(一卷書)、路得記、以斯帖記、以斯拉記和尼希米記(一卷書),其中新約未直接引用的五本書全在這裡:以斯拉、以斯帖、尼希米記、傳道書、雅歌。

值得注意的是聖文集中有些文字的表述是:聖靈有時允許一些人在不同的屬靈狀態下表達個人看法,這些信息,雖然記錄在聖經裡,但並不能用來當作神和先知的話!

例如:"我得知有等婦人,比死還苦:她的心是網羅,手是鎖鏈。凡蒙神喜悅的人,必能躲避她﹔有罪的人,卻被她纏住了。傳道者說:'看哪,一千男子中,我找到一個正直人﹔但眾女子中,沒有找到一個。'我將這事一一比較,要尋求其理,我心仍要尋找,卻未曾找到。"(傳七:26~28)

這裡所羅門一生有 700 個妻子,他違背神對婚姻的教導,沒有對任何一個妻子忠誠,因此得出 "一千男子中,我找到一個正直人﹔但眾女子中,沒有找到一個" 這樣的結論,也就不足為怪!聖靈在這裡允許他真實地表達自己的看法,以提醒我們不犯同樣的錯誤。

再如在約伯記中,約伯的幾個朋友對他的評論顯然是有錯誤的,這些信息,雖然被記錄在聖經裡,但如果拿來當作神和先知的話來使用,就錯了!

讓我們尊重主耶穌和使徒保羅心目中的舊約聖經,深入了解 "神默示" 的含義,正確使用聖經中的各類文字信息。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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