Home昔日真理報2016年 真理報文章2016 年 3 月【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(21)--由熱戰入冷戰(上)

【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(21)--由熱戰入冷戰(上)

 

上期我們討論到在婚姻生活中的摩擦難以避免,而爭吵可以分為熱戰與冷戰。我們也討論過爭吵的前因後果,雙方的衝突可以是輕微的摩擦,演變為仇視、敵對、家庭暴力、使婚姻走向破碎的邊緣。今期,我們探討以往較少討論的「冷戰」課題。

走向「冷戰」之路

首先要接受,既然在兩人相處的婚姻中,吵架是無可避免的,可否積極思考「冷戰」吵架,使「冷戰」的影響可以軟著陸,減少傷害?著名婚姻問題專家黃維仁博士曾提出婚姻破裂的徵兆中有「四騎士」,包括:

1. 批評:只有負面的批評、武斷,有的是未經証明的假設,否定配偶的正面努力、貢獻、個性。

2. 輕蔑:輕蔑來自於常期壓抑對另一半的不滿,把對方矮化、醜化、給予難聽的化名,甚至用有侮辱性的字眼形容對方。

3. 防衛:面對一方的攻擊時,另一方可能採自衛的方式。防衛其實也是責怪對方的一種方式。

4. 相應不理:不聞不問,視而不見,把對方當作隱形。當負面情緒累積到一個程度時,「相應不理」就出現了。

這四大溝通特色,相信對處於水深火熱的怨侶來說,絕不陌生,而它們的共同特色正是由「熱戰」步向「冷戰」。

「冷戰」使關係冰封

「冷戰」(Cold War)是指夫妻在衝突過程中常出現的相處形態,他們多數以「逃避」 (avoiding) 或「退縮」(withdrawing) 的態度作回應,不願意參與、拒絕理性地討論問題所在,並將自己與配偶的關係,冰封在「冷戰」的冷藏庫內。明顯的例子如:見面不講話、訊息用手機傳遞、不再一起吃飯、各自處理膳食安排,或同桌卻分開吃,各自有社交生活,分房睡,甚至不知對方有沒有回家睡。有小孩的家庭,通常會由其中一方照顧(母親較常見),如果有協議的,可能會設立固定見面及交收日期及時間地點。小孩身處於父母的「冷戰」中,是非常難受的,有可能因此而孕育出負面的成長經驗。

冰封可使積怨增怒

夫婦無論是單方或雙方面,在「冷戰」時面對彼此間的不協調、甚至衝突,最終令溝通僵化,促使婚姻關係繼續僵持下去。因為「冷戰」所表達的訊息是:「我不再、甚至停止,跟你坦誠開放地分享我內心的感受。」於是,夫妻間的積怨和憤怒日益俱增,以致彼此不但失去和諧共處,甚至連正面的相處,都被種種負面的感受和情緒侵蝕和取代。以下是一位電視藝人的活生生例子。

羅嘉良:「沒有溝通的日子」

在(2008 年 7 月 28 日)明報周刊獨家專訪報導中,前香港無線電視藝人羅嘉良的初戀情人方敏儀,兩人由拍拖、結婚至離婚,有 28 個年頭,萬萬也想不到,兩人的離婚原因,竟與溝通有關,撈家(羅嘉良花名)說:

「離婚原因是日積月累的,溝通是最大的問題。他在 2003 至 2006 年期間在國內工作,每年只抽空回港兩、三次探望家人。他說:「這段時期,雙方均努力挽救婚姻,感情是好轉過的,不過外來因素,如我轉往內地發展,遇上問題時,不喜歡帶回家與太太商討,因為我覺得說出來也幫不了忙,但原來她想聽,她想知道我在外面工作的情況,漸漸我們不知道對方的生活,我與她的距離也愈來愈大,與她也沒有話題。加上我性格孤僻,甚少說話,而且近年在內地工作,都是獨自生活,工作後回酒店休息時離不開看書及看 DVD,漸漸我便習慣不說話。我們可以一整天沒有對話,回到香港時這情況也一樣,她在廚房工作或照顧兒子,我在客廳看報紙。連與兒子溝通也是分開的,他們兩母子一起聊天,我甚少參與;我與兒子玩時,也沒有她份,連這些事也是分開的,我們仿如各有各獨立生活。」

他說「以前在家中從不稱她為『老婆』只與兒子一樣稱她為『媽咪』即使在傳呼台留言時我是用『羅先生』的名義不是用『老公』的稱呼。我們連吵架都沒有吵架都是其中一種溝通方式。沒有溝通沒有說話及感情轉淡的生活難道要繼續下去於是我們便平心靜氣地坐下來希望解決。最後我們協議分居今年便辦離婚手續。」

從撈家的坦誠分享我們看到異地生活帶來見面機會少這是客觀情況主觀上兩位主角的性格、習慣不同長期分開甚至連共同興趣話題都缺乏他們的感情是冷淡到不「戰」而死。反過來說不如有爭吵吵後或許會和好如初增加彼此了解使關係更進深。「冷戰」可以是殺死關係於無形的超級化學武器!怎樣處理「冷戰」呢?

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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