Home昔日真理報2016年 真理報文章2016 年 10 月【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(28)--不再為小事發大

【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(28)--不再為小事發大

 

大家都知道﹐處理事情﹐以冷靜面對和欠缺冷靜﹐結果可以是南轅北轍﹐成敗關鍵。處理人際關係也是﹐婚姻關係更如是。歸根究底﹐也就是指我們在衝突時是以冷靜而理性角度去處理﹐還是以情緒主觀反應來面對。

情緒與理性之衝突

Motion 1之前我們探討了很多角度看婚姻關係在水深火熱的處境時﹐雙方可以採取的方法來挽救婚姻危機。無論有多大的不是﹐只要雙方仍然對對方有愛﹐則仍然有希望。但不是為要拖延婚姻﹐而維持表明和諧﹐在人前歡笑﹐入屋後即戰雲密佈!婚姻是要彼此珍惜﹐要彼此成長﹐共享喜樂﹐分擔痛苦。然而﹐即使大衝突過去﹐若不改善﹐問題仍會再來﹐因為問題之根未清。而改善﹐則要由基本做起。可以說﹐基本問題若能減少﹐有垃圾立即清理﹐過後不再記前非﹐正面的和諧喜樂婚姻則指日可待。今期﹐我們探討由基本問題做起﹐首先是如何避免小事發大?

我們每日都面對很多事情需要決定。決定時﹐在於我們的習慣﹐態度是以情緒帶動為主;還是以理性看事情之急慢輕重而按優先次序處理﹐再按基本程序﹐理由﹐效益而作決定。這些需要考慮而作決定的事﹐一般不會是家庭內日常分工的事﹐如誰負責洗碗煮飯﹐誰負責倒垃圾﹐煲水;這這分工已經在一起生活時漸漸建立。當然﹐中間可以因應情況﹐如患病受傷或懷孕或工作緣故﹐有改變調動。然而﹐在家庭事務中﹐家務卻常常是衝突的來源地﹐尤其是在廚房。

"你問也不問就丟掉!"

Motion 2例子一﹐那太太買了包鮮老虎蝦﹐調味醃製後﹐放在雪柜﹐準備明晚用。第二天﹐那太太因工作忙而放工後回家小睡﹐準備稍後煮菜。誰知﹐當她到廚房時﹐見到那碟蝦已全部倒在垃圾袋裡﹐和其它廚餘垃圾混在一起。問丈夫為何如此﹐那丈夫說﹐這些蝦已變味﹐不能吃﹐所以倒掉。那太太立時感到氣憤﹐大罵對方無知﹐自作主張﹐未了解清楚便過急反應﹐浪費金錢和食物﹐更浪費她預備的心機和時間!那晚的氣氛僵硬﹐無奈!究其原因﹐是因蝦的味道帶有其他醃料﹐包括一些新買的herbs﹐丈夫不知﹐只覺得味道怪怪的﹐誤作變壞而倒掉。他是好心﹐主動煮菜﹐讓太太醒來便可以吃飯﹐但好心卻做了壞事!

細心重看這例子﹐可以看到丈夫是好心為太太煮菜﹐讓她休息﹐是良好動機。然而﹐由於他的不知蝦的調味﹐又少有接觸未煮時的蝦味﹐誤作變壞。而關鍵在於﹐他決定要倒掉的決定是基於甚麼考慮?如果不肯定﹐他可否等太太醒來問後再決定?最多只是遲炒此菜﹐影響不太大。再看太太反應﹐她因丈夫無知而拋掉那碟蝦﹐是否可以寬恕 "無知者"?既成事實﹐難以回頭 "What is done is done"﹐可否放下﹐把小小損失換作一個教訓﹐你不大聲責罵﹐他反而更會自省內疚﹐以後減少重犯機會。而最關鍵的是﹐整件事情﹐彼此都沒有惡意﹐都是有良好願望﹐為家而做好。犯不著因小失大﹐因小事造成口頭衝突﹐影響彼此心情﹐太不值得了!

"為何不見?全屋只有兩人﹐不是你﹐還有誰?"

Motion 3例子二﹐有對夫婦近期有些口頭衝突。丈夫有日回家﹐在銀包發現不見了早一日在銀行取的五百元!他起初只是說:"不見了五百元﹐不知何以不翼而飛"。太太起初不回應﹐稍後則冷淡地問侯情況﹐丈夫感覺她是不真正關心﹐於是語氣漸加重﹐說:"全間屋只有兩人﹐我沒有取﹐還會有誰?" 把矛頭直指太太。對方感到不憤﹐立即高聲反駁﹐充滿火藥味!他們爭執越吵越熱﹐結果是太太盛怒之下取了車匙離家而去﹐丈夫也不高興﹐開了枝紅酒來喝。之後數天﹐彼此陷入冷戰時期﹐沒有煮飯﹐傾談﹐雙方見面如陌生人﹐非常難受。幾日後﹐丈夫在另一公事袋發現了那五百元﹐原封不動在信封裡。他行去太太面前表示找到了!太太沒有責備﹐只說:"終於水落石出﹐一天光晒!"

細看此例子﹐失而復得﹐錯怪好人﹐是常見情況。此倒子的起點是丈夫的初步懷疑不見五百元的原因是可能被人取去﹐尤其是剛與太太不和﹐可能被她報復!他是假設﹐也沒有先尋其他可能性存放地點﹐這是第一點。此外﹐他在說話表達上﹐沒有直接說明問題﹐反而含沙射影地指向太太﹐有挑起戰火之意!言者無心﹐聽者有意﹐作為成年人﹐不可以任意說話﹐尤其在關係不理想之際!還有﹐太太在衝動下﹐拿車匙出門﹐有可能開快車﹐有危險﹐不宜任由她出門而不阻止﹐這是有點失職!當然﹐從丈夫角度看﹐他可能也有其理由感到不快﹐所以也以飲紅酒解脫。從情緒管理角度看﹐人人都有表達自己情緒的自由﹐是可以的﹐合理的。只是有兩點注意﹐一是不會傷害自己﹐二是不會傷害別人或物品。丈夫今次衝突處理﹐是犯了可能導致傷害太太﹐以及飲酒解愁傷及自己。最後﹐他找回那失而復得的五百元﹐並沒有正式向太太道歉表示因誤會而錯怪了她﹐也沒有深切反省自己只是假設﹐卻當作是真的<非理性想法>﹐以及引致數日來的冷戰局面﹐他是始作俑者﹐有責任主動道歉。夫妻之間的道歉﹐是可以一笑泯恩愁﹐增進彼此寬恕接納﹐只是有些難於啟齒!基本原則是﹐誰引起火頭﹐誰去先開聲。

以上兩個例子﹐都是在家裡常見的由小事化大的誤會。會否引起更多衝突﹐其實是在乎彼此的回應說話內容和語氣。而說話及語氣﹐正正就是反映內心的態度﹐當中包括情緒和理性的平衡。各位看完此文﹐可有引發你最近次與配偶誤會的事件?你的處理方法如何?此文可有甚麼提示可作參考?盡量把<大事化小﹐小事化無>﹐是我們祖宗的處事智慧﹐也符合現代心理學處理衝突﹐甚至是創傷後遺症的大原則。感恩節將近﹐提醒我們對身邊人的感恩﹐因為彼此都為對方付上不少﹐且還要繼續下去。

Motion 4"人心憂慮﹐屈而不伸;一句良言﹐使心歡樂。"(箴言1225)"遮掩人過的﹐尋求人愛;屢次挑錯的﹐離間密友。"(箴言179)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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