Home昔日真理報2016年 真理報文章2016 年 12 月【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(30)--減少激動由基本開始

【社會心】婚姻衝突--影響情緒的非理性思想(30)--減少激動由基本開始

 

我這一代最偉大的發現就是,一個人可以藉由改變自己的態度,來改變一生。──美國心理學、哲學始祖威廉.詹姆斯(William James)

上一期我們談及在婚姻中常因小事處理不善而化為大事﹐第一個例子是丈夫下班回家感到很悶熱立刻開窗﹐太太感到冷而起爭吵;第二個例子是太太為預備好的蒸魚時間因丈夫遲回家弄糟而互相指責。這兩個例子﹐很可能每天都在發生。事後回看﹐全都是小事﹐而且始於善意動機﹐可是卻偏偏以壞結果收場﹐不是很可惜嗎?婚姻關係﹐始終是以關係為重。贏了爭辯﹐失了關係﹐又值得嗎?今期﹐我們再從基本起點﹐來看看如何改善我們的態度、價值觀、立場﹐使得婚姻關係得以改善。

很多人都說這個比喻﹐二人關係﹐無論是夫婦、兩代、同事或朋友﹐都是如此﹐要想關係發展良好﹐彼此都要付出﹐好像耕耘一個花園﹐需要淋水、除雜草、剪枯枝、還要施肥﹐才會茁壯成長。這講法已漸成老生常談﹐但筆者仍然有這份執著﹐而其中關鍵點是「彼此」﹐是雙方都有此想法﹐有共同目標﹐願意盡力(為家、為對方)付出﹐而不是只看對方付出多少﹐這個家及家中成員才會不斷成長。

(一)改善關係﹐小事做起

motion 1提早十分鐘﹐大家都輕鬆。中途有阻滯﹐也不至太焦急。最後一分鐘﹐血壓往上冲。原本是從容﹐趕時間变成怒氣沖沖。

這首打油詩主要帶出一些可以避免因遲出門帶來的衝突。每個人的時間觀念都不一樣﹐有的不在乎﹐反正提早去到仍是要等其他遲的人﹐所以不不慌不忙。有的認為要尊重主人家、尊重大會﹐又或是早些去容易找車位﹐容易找好座位。更有的是為了協助工作人員﹐看看自己可否協助一些工作﹐減輕其他人的壓力。當然亦會有些成為習慣﹐必預早十分鐘出門﹐即使遇上少塞車﹐也不會遲。其實﹐遲到習慣當然要不得﹐但仍須看具體情況而論﹐例如要負責嬰兒喂奶﹐換尿布之類﹐或要妥善照顧老人或患病者﹐出門前難免有所拖延。然而﹐剛才所說有些人不重視﹐或不願早去怕要等人﹐所以慢吞吞才出發﹐顯出自私及自傲。倘若人人都如此想﹐場面會是如何?尤其是夫婦二人的時間觀念不一樣﹐更易生磨擦﹐彼此需要更多商討﹐找出共同接受點﹐彼此才覺愉快。遲到抑或早到﹐可以是小事﹐亦可以是大事件!

(二)多一句欣賞﹐多一份精彩

motion 2伴侶感到被欣賞﹐辦事勤快而且妥當。講句多謝或唔該﹐知你欣賞他可愛。家中事務做得好﹐給予讚賞不嫌早。用心去做因有愛﹐隨便去做因為責任來。叫才去做是無奈﹐應做不做最悲哀。情感銀行多存款﹐生活自然更精彩。


筆者參與西人同事家庭聚會時﹐往往看到他們夫婦在日常生活中﹐仍不忘用客氣言詞互稱對方﹐如thank you﹐ thanks a lot﹐ you're awesome﹐ you're great﹐ well done honey﹐等等讚賞詞﹐而華人夫婦﹐則相對較少。從中西文化角度看﹐華人在情感表達上是較為內歛﹐而中國人為了顯示謙恭﹐常常會 "拒绝" 他人的讚美﹐中國人認為得到家人或者親密朋友的帮助是理所當然的﹐彼此根本不必說謝謝﹐說了反而顯得關係生疏。

其實﹐我們這一代已飽受西方文化薰陶﹐可謂耳濡目染﹐只是不慣宣之於口。從心理學角度而言﹐被稱讚表示被注意(acknowledged)﹐被認同(recognised)﹐被欣賞(appreciated)﹐且是對方所喜悅的(accepted and appreciated)﹐這是完整的溝通過程。設想﹐假如你很努力去預備梅菜蒸扣肉來招待丈夫的朋友﹐眾人吃時面有悅色﹐但毫無言語上的表示﹐那是代表甚麼?是不合口味?太鹹?太淡?假如這道菜做得好﹐我們要表示欣賞主人的出色廚藝﹐這是基本社交禮貌;即使做得未如理想﹐也應表示謝謝其預備的努力。正如前面打油詩所言﹐一個人的努力得到肯定﹐會激勵那人繼續更努力去做;等別人叫你才去做的是工作分配﹐是基於責任;應該去做而不做更是失職失責﹐失去被人信任。即使在家裡做菜﹐無論是燒烤肉、蒸魚、煲湯﹐甚至切生果等等﹐要做得好﹐都是用愛心去預備的。配偶怎可以吝嗇讚賞呢?越多讚賞﹐更令雙方彼此欣賞﹐帶來更多歡樂喜悅﹐何樂而不為呢?

(三)學習放下﹐活在當下

motion 3儘管過去有心結﹐容許今天把心開。享受此刻夫妻樂﹐忘記昨天的愁哀。學習放下舊傷痕﹐就讓快樂重新載。欣賞每日開心事﹐活在當下見精彩。

夫妻經常都有爭執﹐如果不能放下過去的舊事﹐多年來所累積的大小爭執肯定高過太平山!每個爭執都一定有原因﹐那怕是觀點角度不一樣﹐或是原則立場有異﹐又或是經期影響賀爾蒙分泌導致妻子的情緒失調。重要的是如何處理和善後?在日常觀察中﹐一般夫婦都是以「不了了之」﹐「讓時間沖淡一切」來忘記它。這做法是否一了百了,真的解決問題呢?這做法能否建立共識﹐使以後相同情況出現有所參考?這做法可否促使雙方有更深入了解﹐更多共通和共鳴?這做法能否避免「翻舊賬」?一次解釋之後﹐以後是否還有無數次為同一件事解釋?只有放下傷痕﹐可讓快樂展開。享受開心小事﹐活在當下的精彩。

「就是忘記背後﹐努力面前的﹐向著標竿直跑﹐要得神在基督耶穌裡的獎賞。」(腓立比書3:14)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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