Home昔日真理報2017年 真理報文章2017 年 6 月【耶和華名譯史】誰是神?(1)

【耶和華名譯史】誰是神?(1)

 

「誰是神?」或「誰是你的神?」,這個聽起來很簡單的問題,卻難倒了很多信徒,請問你怎樣回答呢?

1)有些信徒以神的「屬名」回答

車,國家,女皇,都是屬名(generic or common name)。勞斯萊斯,加拿大,伊利莎白二世,是私名(proper or personal name)。屬名「女皇」只是 一個頭銜,可以用於世界每一個國家。人類歷史中便有許多個女皇。但「私 名」伊利莎白二世,卻指定了一個獨一無二的女皇,那位二十一世紀的英國女皇。


同理,「神」也只是一個屬名,可以用在任何一個神上。每個國家語文,都有這個屬名詞彙, 例如: 中文叫「神」「上帝」,英文叫 God,亞拉伯 文叫 Allah「亞拉」,希臘文是 Theos,阿蘭文是 Elah,德文叫 Gott,法文叫 Dieu,西班牙文叫 Dios,意大利文叫 Dio,等。

神,主,父,都是屬名,這些屬名可以用在任何國家的神,主,父身上。世界上滿天神佛,而基本上每個神都有名字。而 「主」Lord,也只是一個屬名或頭銜,在英國擁有這個頭銜的人司空見慣。假如有人告訴你他的神是 神,主,父,單憑這些屬名,你還是不會知道誰是他的神,除非他指名道姓告訴你他神的名字。

有趣的是以上「誰是神?」的問題上,卻有許多信徒只以屬名回答: 「我的神是神,主,父」,又或者以希伯來文說:「 我的神是神 Elohim (複數), El (單數); 主 Adonai (複數), Adon (單數); 或阿爸父 Abba」。但這些屬名連猶 太人都用在外邦人的神身上,所以單憑幾個屬名是未能道出誰是神的,除非他 們指名道姓的以神的名字把祂從眾神中鑑別出來,那便清楚了。

例如,假如你問我「 非利士人的神是誰?」倘若我回答說:「非利士人的神是神,主,父,是創造天地宇宙的神。」這個答案幫不到你的,因為我還 未表明是「誰」,直至我告訴你他們的神是「 巴力Baal」, 才是回答了你的問題。

2)有些信徒以描述「什麼是神」來回答

以上「 誰是神?」的問題上,有些信徒說:「我的神是創造天地宇宙萬物的神,祂是慈愛公義的神。」這只是對神的一個描述,外邦人也會同樣描述 他們的神是創造者。單以描述來回答,還並未表明「誰」是神,要正確的表「 誰」,便是以名字來鑑別,那便清楚了。

例如,倘若你的好友牙痛,急需要看牙醫,他便問你:「 誰是你的牙醫?」倘若你以描述來回答:「我的牙醫是創造我補牙,假牙,鑲牙,有愛心的大夫。」這個答案是幫不了他的。他當然知道你牙醫是創造補牙,假牙,鑲牙,有愛心的大夫,還要你說嗎,否則他也不會請你介紹。他急需要知道的是「誰」,不是要聽你描述「 什麼」是牙醫。你若是應他之急,救人一痛,便告訴好友吧:「我的牙醫是梁立己。」好讓他及時延醫診治。

3)有些信徒回答:「父神是耶穌」,但聖經問:「父神與兒子的名字你知道嗎?」

有些信徒說:「父神是耶穌」。那我便問:「 誰是父神的兒子?」他們便說:「父神是耶穌,兒子又是耶穌,「父」與「子」都是耶穌,三位一體嘛!」。 這樣的回答在神學上講得通,但恐怕沒有說服力吧,因為父神確實是有自己的名字。


將來,耶穌會站在錫安山,同他有十四萬四千人,都有他的名和他父的名寫在額上:「我又觀看,見羔羊站在錫安山,同他又有十四萬四千人,都有他的名和他父的名寫在額上。」(啟14:1)

將來,我們當中有得勝的人,他們會在新耶路撒冷城的殿中作柱子,耶穌會把父神和祂自己的名寫在他們額上:「得勝的,我要叫他在我神殿中作柱子,他也必不再從那裡出去。我又要將我神的名和我神城的名(這城就是從天上、從我神那裡降下來的新耶路撒冷),並我的新名,都寫在他上面。」(啟 3:12)

將來,在城裡,事奉耶穌的僕人,祂名字都必寫在他們的額上:「 以後再沒有咒詛;在城裡有神和羔羊的寶座;他的僕人都要事奉他,也要見他面。 他的名字必寫在他們的額上。」(出22:3-4)


箴言 30:4 問我們:「誰升天又降下來?誰聚風在掌握中?誰包水在衣服裏?誰立定地的四極?他名叫甚麼?他兒子名叫甚麼?你知道嗎?」父與子的名字你知道嗎? 讀者,你們怎樣回答箴言裡這個問題呢?

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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