Home昔日真理報2017年 真理報文章2017 年 7 月【君言才思】社關知多少?

【君言才思】社關知多少?

 

感謝神的安排,能在—所社區教會服侍主。

作為社區教會,就要於當地作光作鹽,傳揚福音,見證基督,關懷社會;不禁也令我再次思想傳福音與社會關懷之關係。

早在 1966 年之柏林世界福音會議,和 1974 年之洛桑會議之間,福音派對教會使命大致有三派:

1. "整全福音派" (Holistic Evangelism) — 認為傳福音和社關是不可分割。社關乃傳福音之一種形式與表達,故以口傳福音固然是傳福音,社關也是傳福音。

2. 傳統的 "純福音主義" 派 (Classical View of Mission) — 認為教會的獨一使命就是傳福音,而社會的改變是傳福音和個人生命改變的副産品。

3. "整全使命" 派 (Holistic Mission) —認為教會的使命是傳福音和社關兩方面。而二者並非同等重要,傳福音應被視為教會首要和優先的責任,且社會關懷並非傳福音。

於洛桑會議後,一棰定音。雖指出傳福音之優先性,卻未能説明傳福音與社會關懷之關係。故於 1982 年六月在美國 Grand Rapids 召開一國際性會議,清楚釐定二者關係:

1. 社會關懷是傳福音帶來的一種後果 — 社會服務乃重生得救者生命的流露。

2. 社會關懷是引到傳福音的橋樑 — 社關可成為福音預工,作為排除障礙和偏見的活動,為福音開路。

3. 社會關懷是配合傳福音的夥伴 — 如飛鳥之兩翼,一邊傳福音,一邊服務社會,正如基督所行。但社會關懷並非傳福音。

作為在芝加哥服侍的華人社區教會,汲取過往西方福音派教會之社關經驗,在運作上可留意下列原則:

• 對社關或有不同的看法,惟須在社會上作光作鹽 —

例如:在八十年代初維吉尼亞州之湯馬士浸信會牧師霍華爾所帶領之 "道德主流運動" (Moral Majority) 掀動社會及全國,政治上也有影響。當時他與另一人華萊士都關懷社會,不過二人看法不同:華萊士認為要革除社會上之消費心態、權力争競、國家驕傲、倚賴暴力、因種族、性别、階級之壓迫等;而霍華爾則認為須正視墮胎、同性戀、黄潮、人文主義和破碎家庭。二人看法雖不一,卻在社會關懷上,於那時代産生一定的影響力!基督徒是堅守聖經立場,但卻要接納及尊重在不違真理下,對社關不同的觀點,並要發揮為主作光作鹽之作用。

• 社關宜以使命群體方式,避免以教會名義参與 —
教會增長學家韋拿認為霍華爾之成功,在於不以教會為中心去推動社會改革,而是以使命群體方式進行。事實上,如以教會名義参與,必須是關涉聖經真理的清楚教導 (如:墮胎、同性戀、安樂死、社會公義等) ,不過,往往實力只限於一教會或一宗派;且社會問題富争議性 (如:佔中、自決、公投) ,易引起分裂,故不宜以教會組織去推動,可以公民身分去參與;亦可透過教會認可之機構去發揮群體力量。

• 留意政教分離 —
切勿以司法强迫社會人士依循基督徒的道德原則,否則導致君士坦丁式的國教 (Civil religion) ,失去政教分離之作用;教會易被政客或别有用心者利用,及失去社會良心和先知的超然地位。

• 傳福音與社關應並重 —
從教會歷史看到:教會在傳福音時,亦有辦學、醫療服務、教育及社區建設。二十世紀後,世界問題趨複雜,在普世基督教協會推動下,差傳路綫完全偏向社會和文化建設,而把傳福音和建立教會之目標擱置了。然而,仍有一些保守差會,除佈道、植堂外,亦有教育、醫療及社會服務。其實,各走極端皆不好,華人教會宜留意傳福音與社關之並重兼顧。

• 慎防只重社關而不傳福音之局面 —
教會增長學家韋拿曾指出:以前之 "學生志願運動" ,起初以傳福音為目標和口號,人數鼎盛。至後期因轉向關懷社會問題,目標漸含糊不清,失去純一以福音為主之心,導致後期失去原有之作用。其他如 "世界學生基督徒聯盟" 、青年會也有類似情形。—些美國大宗派也因只顧社關、忽略傳福音,而人數下跌;反而有些强調傳福音的教會,增長率卻顯著!

總括來說,全人關懷乃是教會之任務。社關是 "以人為中心" 的服事;社關不是傳福音的 "魚餌" 。教會應以傳福音為首要及優先的使命,在社關的實踐上,要尋求神的心意與符合聖經真理的教導。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

Go to top