Home昔日真理報2018年 真理報文章2018 年 4 月【社會心】非理性思想(46)--永遠不要 “以為理所當然”

【社會心】非理性思想(46)--永遠不要 “以為理所當然”

 

上一期最後談到,"只從一個角度考慮問題,出路只會越走越窄,甚至還會走入死胡同。" 婚姻破裂往往不是因為單一的重大事件所導致的,相反地,是由許多小事情積累起來,如滾雪球般地變成對個人的侮辱和傷害。今期, 我們再次討論這個常見的關係的陷阱: "以為理所當然" (Take it For Granted)。

不必說謝謝 (英文是 Take for granted, 香港人常說 "老馮" /奉旨/理所當然/預咗啦!)

著名已故心理輔導員兼多產作家 Richard Carlson (1961-2006) 在其 "Don't sweat at the small stuff" 系列書中表示,這說法也可以解釋為 "不必要去感謝你的丈夫/太太, 這是理所當然嘛!" 禮貌言辭是對外人用的,既然是自己人嘛,何用多禮!這說法好像是說,禮貌性的說話是對外人講的。而對自己人便不用了。再追問,禮貌言辭是否只是外交工具,家人便不要禮貌言辭?再反問,對自己人多用禮貌言辭又有何不好?若使用,又會有甚麼影響?禮貌言辭真的只是外交工具嗎?


由認識到拍拖期間,我們常會說讚美對方的話,以表示欣賞對方(才華、美麗、孝心、勤奮、好學、口才、機智等等)。婚後初期,還會經常報以微笑,或以肢體語言表示愛意,或以用心煮菜,精心策劃週年紀念或生日之類喜慶活動以示愛意。生育了子女後,焦點轉移,萬事以子女為依歸,衝突也常因此而出現。兩人之間已出現 "身雖近,心卻遠" 情況,少了基本的 "多謝、 唔該" 的表示,也欠缺深層溝通,不再談個人理想,或明年的願望(如帶年老媽咪回鄉探親或與家人短線旅行等等!),一切都被現實事務及生活瑣事所佔據。在此情此景下,還有甚麼心情說 "多謝"、"唔該"、"好開心有你"......!不要誤會我是為此找藉口,正好相反,我是要挑戰大家,不要被忙碌的生活纏累而忘記初心,配偶才是關係最親密的那一位,無論多忙,都請勿忘,多謝對方辛勞,心內難忘原有的愛意。

其實說聲 "謝謝" 並常感謝你的伴侶付出的努力,不僅僅是對婚姻關係或戀愛關係,對於任何人際關係來說,都是很重要的。(現今在職場對同事,社交場合對朋友,在義工團隊或教會中對合作伙伴,又何嘗不是同樣重要呢?)

Richard Carlson 說:"表示感謝會鼓勵你的配偶﹐向另一半表示你是真的感激他們的幫忙。" "因為真的很容易就將丈夫/太太日常所做事務視為理所當然,如掃地、保持廚房整潔等。稍微見到不順眼的,便立即責問,做得好則是應該的,連一聲 '多謝' 也不必講!對認真做好事情的那位,內心感受會好過嗎?"

Social 1"相反地,你越願意多說:'謝謝你的細心,煮一餐如此好味道的菜'; '在我忙於在外工作時,你能在家悉心照顧小孩,為我分擔家庭責任'; '你為我預備了一個好特別的生日派對,你很有心思巧妙安排,多謝你啦!' 等等,你越會收到更多的相同回應, 更加深切感受到你對配偶的愛。所以說 '謝謝' 的含意,更加重要的是你明確承認、並感謝對方的付出。" 我認為懂得說感激的話越來越重要,尤其在婚姻關係中,可減少怨氣, 又增加和諧。

最美麗的錯誤假設

當某位太太在向輔導員投訴丈夫的不是,罵到高峰時,她說:"他應該要知道我的感覺、我想要什麼,不應該要由我告訴他, 更不應該做出令我不開心的事。" "他應該知道,他如此做,是會令我多麼傷心,也應該知道會有甚麼後果。" "他應該知道,是男人便要做男人該做的事,在外面不要老婆付錢,粗重事由老公做......。"

上述這個 "應該/不應該" 的假設,以前我曾在 "認知行為療法 CBT" 中討論過,是人們在相互溝通中經常犯的一個錯誤,在家庭裡尤為普遍。那位太太的說法,似乎在表達她對丈夫很多的不滿,很多是丈夫 "該做而未做" 的事情。對於第一句,她似乎假設了丈夫必然會了解她的感覺,但是她的感覺會改變,她又如何讓丈夫知道她的改變?改變得有多嚴重(例如不開心,有多麼的不開心)?如果你是那位太太,你會怎回答?

溝通是雙方面的,即是雙向的。完整的溝通,是要令對方明白自己表達甚麼訊息,而中間沒有誤解。丈夫向太太查問,是確保沒有誤解,其實是合宜的,但太太反要質問,變成 "查問也有錯"!

Social 2第一句話的第三部份,似乎也假設了丈夫是的確知道她的開心事情,和不開心的事情,然後他會小心地做出合她心意的事情。這個假設,若放在電視劇中好像作太監的要猜測度皇上的喜好,可能會用得著﹐若放在夫妻關係上,則變得太以自己為中心,要對方凡事遷就自己,亦即是你的想法或心情有改變,丈夫便要立即遷就你!這是否你想要的關係呢?此例子讓我想起 "公主心態/脾氣","獨生子女心態/脾氣",缺乏體諒,不能站在對方角度想,沒有彈性,事事要別人遷就自己,自己卻不遷就別人。久而久之,此關係會朝向那方向發展呢?相信讀者心中自有答案。


我認為婚姻關係,無論在何階段,都要有一定程度的體諒包容,即是說要體諒對方的難處(例如對方感受不善捉摸,也不善表達),要以愛去包容對方,即使對方真的做錯事,做出不合你期望的事,而你仍然可以包容。倘若不能包容,你是否便要因一次你不能接受的錯誤就罰他?罵他?打他?趕他出門?或者你跑回娘家?還是要離婚?

要反問自己,對配偶的要求是否合宜?婚姻是要彼此尊重、包容、體諒、忍耐,這是聖經所提的愛的含意,在婚姻關係中也非常適用。試問自己(已婚者),與配偶結婚以來,是否彼此尊重、包容、體諒及忍耐,努力經營你們的婚姻?

Social 3新約聖經哥林多前書13:4-8節:" 愛是恆久忍 耐、又 有 恩 慈。愛是不嫉妒﹐愛是不自誇﹐不張狂﹐不作害羞的事﹐不求自己的益處﹐不輕易發怒 ﹐不計算人的惡;不喜歡不義﹐只喜歡真理;凡事包容﹐凡事相信﹐凡事盼望﹐凡事忍耐。愛是永不止息。" 此段文字寫於 2000 年前,是使徒保羅寫給教會的教導﹐雖然不是單單針對婚姻關係,卻充滿人生智慧,也非常適合應用於婚姻關係中。願以此與諸位讀者共勉。

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

Go to top