Home昔日真理報2018年 真理報文章2018 年 4 月【耶和華名譯史】「耶和華」名字翻譯小史(10)

【耶和華名譯史】「耶和華」名字翻譯小史(10)

 

Translate

 

 

撒旦第二步戰略:「書寫避諱」

不過,猶太人只是建議「呼讀避諱」,卻絕對反對「書寫避諱」,他們視聖經如命,誓死也不會把耶和華的名字從聖經裏刪掉。死海古卷的發現,更證明了猶太人抄寫聖經的準確性,千多年來 隻字不漏地保存了耶和華的名字。而撒旦的下一步,是要把耶和華的名字從聖經裡刪掉。

耶和華的名字,何時在聖經裡被刪掉?

耶穌的羅馬時代,法定語文乃拉丁文,那時教會雖然有拉丁文聖經,但不是由同一譯者一氣呵成的手筆,而是不同的譯者翻譯個別不同聖經書籍,參差不齊。公元 382 年,天主教教宗 Damasus I 任命哲羅姆 St Jerome(原名 Eusebius Hieronymus,公元 340-420 年)重新整理修訂這些舊拉丁譯本 Vetus Latina (Old Latin)。公元 405 年,他完成了翻譯新舊約拉丁文聖經,此便是日後在十三世紀所稱的《武加大譯本》Vulgate (VUL)[i],取自拉丁文 vulgatus,即「普遍」的意思,意謂最「普遍的譯本」"versiovulgata" (version commonly-used)。

撒旦要神的名字從聖經裡消失,便看中外邦天主教徒的弱點,向他們開刀,首先迷惑他們,使之盲目跟風呼讀避諱,自作主張,要學猶太人一樣,不再呼讀耶和華的名,改叫「Adonai主」,還自以為是尊重神。之後更利用他們的愚昧,誘導他們把聖經裡神的名字全部刪掉。

天主教教宗和哲羅姆等人正中奸計,受了撒旦愚弄,盲從了猶太人呼讀避諱的迷信傳統,把 YHWH 改讀為「 Adonai主」,更可惜的是,他們過無不及,自作聰明,心想既然要把 YHWH「耶和華」讀成「 Adonai主」,何不乾脆把 YHWH 寫成「主」呢?這些外邦人,沒有猶太人準確抄寫神名字的操守和尊重,竟然斗膽把《舊約》裡所有 YHWH 的名字全部刪掉,改寫為拉丁文 Dominus「主」;《新約》也遭同一厄運,原文 YHWH「耶和華」的名字也被全部刪掉,篡改為拉丁文的 Dominus「主」。 整本聖經裡所有 YHWH「耶和華」的名字,就在他的拉丁文《武加大譯本》裡不翼而飛,蕩然無存。

撒旦策劃的一場翻譯「耶和華」災難

這是一場翻譯災難,自此,耶和華 YHWH 之名,由猶太人的「呼避諱讀」,變本加厲,走火入魔,變成外邦信徒的「書寫避諱」,神的名字竟然在祂自己的聖經裡消失了。外邦人美其名為模仿猶太人尊重父神的避諱傳統,實質篡改了父神的聖經,畫虎不成反類犬。可憐人家猶太人只是建議「不呼讀」耶和華名字,絕對禁止「不書寫」把而把耶和華名字刪掉,外邦信徒東施效顰,竟然連神的名字都刪掉,撒旦陰謀又進一步得逞。

聖經說:「若有人在這預言上加添甚麼,神必將寫在這書上的災禍加在他身上;若有人刪去甚麼,神必從這書上所寫的生命樹和聖城中刪去他的份。」(啟22:18-19)外邦的天主教徒譯者,實在犯了滔天大錯,恐怕生命樹和聖城都刪去了他們的份,猶太信徒至死也不敢幹、不恥幹的事,他們居然大搖大擺、不知死活的幹了起來。

哲羅姆等人這樣篡改聖經,若然是在第一世紀使徒彼得、保羅的時代,是絕不會通過的。第一世紀首批的信徒都是猶太人,他們都會誓死保存希伯來原文。聖經是神所默示的,一點也不能刪去,亦不准許加添[ii],《舊約》聖經裏六千多「YHWH」名字的記載,更不在話下。那時的猶太信徒絕對不會允許哲羅姆等這些外邦天主教徒更改聖經,更何況刪掉神的名字呢。可惜到了第三世紀,自從天主教榮升為國教,【使徒時代】的純正教義便開始變質,猶太人信徒自然大減,教會操縱在外邦信徒手上,便什麼敗壞的事都敢幹了。

《新約》如《舊約》一樣,本來也有耶和華的名

撒旦老謀深算,再下一步便是利用《武加大譯本》開了書寫避諱的不良先例,繼續荼毒日後的外邦天主教徒。隨著《武加大譯本》之歪風,所有其他文字的新舊約聖經或譯本,都相繼重新抄寫,把裡面 YHWH「耶和華」的名全部刪掉,篡改為「主」。

《新約》希臘原文本來也有 YHWH「耶和華」的名字,重新抄寫時,也把原文 YHWH「耶和華」的名字刪掉,篡改為希臘文 Kyrios 「主」。更不幸的是,新抄本寫好後,本來有 YHWH「耶和華」名字的《新約》原文古卷便遭廢棄,從此失傳。沒有了原文,如今《新約》裡但凡有「主」出現的地方,都可能在原文裡是 YHWH「耶和華」。如今已無從稽考,實在令人惋惜。

註釋

[i] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulgate

[ii] 我向一切聽見這書上預言的作見證,若有人在這預言上加添甚麼,神必將寫在這書上的災禍加在他身上;這書上的預言,若有人刪去甚麼,神必從這書上所寫的生命樹和聖城中刪去他的份。(啟22:18-19)

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

Go to top