Home昔日真理報2020年 真理報文章2020 年 7 月【福音與中華】藏族福音事工的先驅--克省悟(2)

【福音與中華】藏族福音事工的先驅--克省悟(2)

 

編序:前不久有國內的親人轉來這篇在 "保羅的小站"
https://wemp.app/accounts/532d0f39-acad-4770-9c25-277203c4c6d9上刊登的文章,我感到非常驚喜,因為這正是發生在我的家鄉及週邊地區的事情,多年來我一直想了解基督教在我家鄉傳播的起始及發展,也想了解我母親生前從而得救,並且多年參與事奉的那間教會的建立和演變的過程。這篇文章正提供很多相關資訊。文章內容來自克省悟牧師的傳記:《藏族人的使徒——克省悟》(William Christie, Apostle to Tibet)一書,但由於篇幅太大,不適合本欄目全部刊出,所以我作了節選和編輯,好讓各位讀者能夠了解梗概。

第一扇通往藏區之門:剛剛打開,隨即緊鎖的拉卜楞
譯文:小保羅

1896 年的一個夏日,克省悟與同工艾自新(David Ekvall)、藏族嚮導阿古信基騎馬穿過美麗的峽谷。峽谷兩旁是大片的草地,草地中間點綴着美麗的高山花卉。再往遠處,起伏的山丘越升越高,直到與白雪皚皚的高山連接到一處。

 

China 1

宣教士們騎馬在藏區行進


山坡上散布着一群群牛和馬。一路上隨處可見用黑氂牛毛織成的帳篷,乍看起來就像巨大的蜘蛛。

克省悟在驚濤駭浪的大洋上航行了三個星期,花費三個月艱難地穿過中國內陸,又用三年時間學習當地語言和風俗,甚至用了更長的時間來熟悉漢人和藏人的宗教。現在,他 "終於" 可以動身前往藏區最頑固的異教堡壘了。

China 2

一個眾志成城的團體:宣道會 (攝於1900年)
最後排左七 (蓄鬚的長者):宣信;後二排左四 (斜坐者):李大衛;
後三排左一:克省悟,右二/右三 (戴藏式帽子、穿藏族服裝):席儒珍夫婦,右四:艾克仁(席儒珍妻子的哥哥)

 

在漢藏邊界生活和學習的那些日子,克省悟獲得了許多關於拉卜楞——安多藏區的宗教和商業中心——的信息。洮州的喇嘛和商人告訴他:拉卜楞在西藏的商業地位非常高,這裡甚至聚集着一些從中國沿海地區遠道而來的漢族客商;4000 名藏傳佛教僧侶在拉卜欏居住,當地建有一間很大的寺廟,是藏傳佛教在藏東的中心。

 

China 3

甘肅夏河(拉卜欏寺所在地)、臨潭(舊稱 "洮州")


克省悟一行三人已穿過漢藏邊境走了 4 天,他們很快就看到大活佛寢宮熠熠生輝的屋頂。這個宗教與商業混雜的雙子城對藏東北所有人的生活都有着重大的影響,也成了通往西藏廣袤腹地的入口。

 

China 4

拉卜欏寺


克省悟和艾自新事先計劃好,要在拉卜楞舉行一年一度的法會之時趕到。他們抵達時,成群結隊的朝聖者和商人已經聚集於此,四處充滿濃厚的節日氣氛,宗教儀式上也是人聲鼎沸。在節日的高潮部分,僧人們頭戴可怕的面具,身著異服,跳起巫舞來。

 

China 5

藏傳佛教巫舞 


宣教士們天天遊走在參加法會的人群中,傳講福音、分發福音單張。但是,他們發現這裡的人不是很友好,有些人甚至威脅燒掉他們帶來的書。法會進入高潮時,民眾的敵意忽然升級成了赤裸裸的暴力。在辱罵之後,人們就向他們拋擲土塊和石頭。艾自新的頭被石塊砸中,更大的麻煩似乎也迫在眉睫。

在這千鈞一髮的時刻,西藏士兵持劍衝入人群,說寺廟的司庫要接見他們。宣教士們驚奇得不敢相信,於是就請守衛允許他們準備一些禮物。得到許可後,他們就買了一些藏族人看為得體的山珍,將其與一本藏文新約聖經、一條哈達放進托盤,獻給司庫。

司庫接受了禮物之後,克省悟和艾自新才鬆了口氣。他們講述了自己的行程,還見證了耶穌基督的福音。令人吃驚的是,司庫竟然聽完宣教士們的話,又在飯後吩咐守衛安排他們作為貴賓在看台中央,觀看了法會結束時的巫舞。

宣教士們深受鼓舞,並覺得在拉卜楞建立宣教站已經指日可待,就回到洮州。在一年之後,克省悟就再次陪着宣道會中國區總負責人李大衛(D. W. Le Lacheur)牧師前往拉卜楞。與他們同去的還有僖德生(George Shields)——一個來華不久的加拿大年輕宣教士。克省悟此前已成功地在拉卜楞租到幾間房屋,所以僖德生預備駐紮在這裡的宣教站。

李大衛博士隨後向美國總部彙報這個得勝的消息:"宣道會終於在西藏這片長期封閉的土地上建立了宣教站,已有宣教士在那裡生活和工作!"

可沒過多久,拉卜楞那位將房子租給克省悟的客棧老闆就慘遭毆打,財產也被沒收了。宣教士們留下的福音資料和小冊子被公開燒毀。更要命的是,官府貼出告示,禁止任何人將房子租給宣教士,就是留宿一晚都不行。這樣,通往西藏的門戶僅開放了片時就被狠狠地關上了。 

 

      聖經金句 (Bible Verses)

喜樂 Joy

喜樂的心乃是良藥;憂傷的靈使骨枯乾。箴言 17:22
A cheerful heart is good medicine, but a crushed spirit dries up the bones. Proverbs 17:22

然而,我要因耶和華歡欣,因救我的 神喜樂。哈巴谷書 3:18
yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will be joyful in God my Savior. Habakkuk 3:18

要常常喜樂,不住的禱告,凡事謝恩。帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:16-17
Rejoice always, pray continually, give thanks in all circumstances. 1 Thessalonians 5:16-17

饒恕 Forgiveness

主啊,你本為良善,樂意饒恕人,有豐盛的慈愛賜給凡求告你的人。詩篇 86:5
You, Lord, are forgiving and good, abounding in love to all who call to you. Psalm 86:5

你不要說:“我要以惡報惡”;要等候耶和華,他必拯救你。箴言 20:22
Do not say, “I’ll pay you back for this wrong!” Wait for the LORD, and he will avenge you. Proverbs 6:14

你們饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必饒恕你們的過犯;馬太福音 6:14
For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Matthew 6:14

你們不饒恕人的過犯,你們的天父也必不饒恕你們的過犯。馬太福音 6:15
But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins. Matthew 6:15

你們各人若不從心裡饒恕你的弟兄,我天父也要這樣待你們了。馬太福音 18:35
This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart. Matthew 18:35

謙卑 Humility

敬畏耶和華是智慧的訓誨;尊榮以前,必有謙卑。箴言 15:33
Wisdom’s instruction is to fear the LORD, and humility comes before honor. Proverbs 15:33

敬畏耶和華心存謙卑,就得富有、尊榮、生命為賞賜。箴言 22:4
Humility is the fear of the LORD; its wages are riches and honor and life. Proverbs 22:4

凡事不可結黨,不可貪圖虛浮的榮耀;只要存心謙卑,各人看別人比自己強。腓立比書 2:3
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Philippians 2:3

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

驕傲 Pride

驕傲來,羞恥也來;謙遜人卻有智慧。箴言 11:2
When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom. Proverbs 11:2

驕傲只啟爭競;聽勸言的,卻有智慧。箴言 13:10
Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves. Proverbs 13:10

驕傲在敗壞以先;狂心在跌倒之前。箴言 16:18
Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall. Proverbs 16:18

但他賜更多的恩典,所以經上說:神阻擋驕傲的人,賜恩給謙卑的人。雅各書 4:6
But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:“God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.” James 4:6

忍耐 Patience

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

並且你們要為我的名,被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的,必然得救。馬可福音 13:13
Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. Mark 13:13

不但如此,就是在患難中也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance. Romans 5:3

我們行善,不可喪志;若不灰心,到了時候就要收成加拉太書 6:9
Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Galatians 6:9

你們也當忍耐,堅固你們的心,因為主來的日子近了。雅各書 5:8
You too, be patient and stand firm, because the Lord’s coming is near. James 5:8

溫柔 Meekness

回答柔和,使怒消退;言語暴戾,觸動怒氣。箴言 15:1
A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger. Proverbs 15:1

溫柔的人有福了,因為他們必承受地土。馬太福音 5:5
Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth. Matthew 5:5

用溫柔勸戒那抵擋的人;或者 神給他們悔改的心,可以明白真道。提摩太後書 2:25
Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance leading them to a knowledge of the truth. 2 Timothy 2:25

只要以裡面存著長久溫柔、安靜的心為妝飾;這在 神面前是極寶貴的。彼得前書 3:4
Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight. 1 Peter 3:4

嫉妒 Envy

不要為作惡的心懷不平,也不要向那行不義的生出嫉妒。詩篇 37:1
Do not fret because of those who are evil or be envious of those who do wrong. Psalm 37:1

心中安靜是肉體的生命;嫉妒是骨中的朽爛。箴言 14:30
A heart at peace gives life to the body, but envy rots the bones. Proverbs 14:30

在何處有嫉妒、紛爭,就在何處有擾亂和各樣的壞事。雅各書 3:16
For where you have envy and selfish ambition, there you find disorder and every evil practice. James 3:16

生氣 Anger

當止住怒氣,離棄忿怒;不要心懷不平,以致作惡。詩篇 37:8
Refrain from anger and turn from wrath; do not fret—it leads only to evil. Psalm 37:8

好生氣的人,不可與他結交;暴怒的人,不可與他來往。箴言 22:24
Do not make friends with a hot-tempered person, do not associate with one easily angered. Proverbs 22:24

愚妄人怒氣全發;智慧人忍氣含怒。箴言 29:11
Fools give full vent to their rage, but the wise bring calm in the end. Proverbs 29:11

生氣卻不要犯罪.不可含怒到日落。以弗所書 4:26
In your anger do not sin: Do not let the sun go down while you are still angry. Ephesians 4:26

我親愛的弟兄們,這是你們所知道的,但你們各人要快快的聽,慢慢的說,慢慢的動怒,因為人的怒氣並不成就 神的義。雅各書 1:19,20
My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. James 1:19,20

災難 Calamity

謹守口與舌的、就保守自己免受災難。箴言 21:23
Those who guard their mouths and their tongues keep themselves from calamity. Proverbs 21:23

民要攻打民、國要攻打國、多處必有地震、饑荒.這都是災難的起頭。馬可福音 13:8
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains. Mark 13:8

憂愁 Worry

你們不要憂愁、因靠耶和華而得的喜樂是你們的力量。尼希米記 8:10
Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength. Nehemiah 8:10

主雖使人憂愁, 還要照他諸般的慈愛發憐憫。耶利米哀歌 3:32
Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love. Lamentations 3:32

凡勞苦擔重擔的人,可以到我這裡來,我就使你們得安息。馬太福音 11:28
Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Matthew 11:28

我留下平安給你們、我將我的平安賜給你們.我所賜的、不像世人所賜的.你們心裏不要憂愁、也不要膽怯。約翰福音 14:27
Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you. I do not give to you as the world gives. Do not let your hearts be troubled and do not be afraid. John 14:27

應當一無掛慮,只要凡事藉著禱告、祈求和感謝,將你們所要的告訴神。神所賜出人意外的平安,必在基督耶穌裡,保守你們的心懷意念。腓立比書 4:6,7
Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus. Philippians 4:6,7

因此, 你們是大有喜樂, 但如今, 在百般的試煉中暫時憂愁。彼得前書 1:6
In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. 1 Peter 1:6

患難 Trouble, Suffering

義人多有苦難,但耶和華救他脫離這一切。詩篇 34:19
The righteous person may have many troubles, but the LORD delivers him from them all. Psalm 34:19

神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!詩篇 46:1
God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Psalm 46:1

耶和華本為善,在患難的日子為人的保障,並且認得那些投靠他的人。那鴻書 1:7
The LORD is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him. Nahum 1:7

為義受逼迫的人有福了,因為天國是他們的。馬太福音 5:10
Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:10

不但如此,就是在患難中,也是歡歡喜喜的。因為知道患難生忍耐。羅馬書 5:3
Not only so, but we also glory in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance; Romans 5:3

我想現在的苦楚,若比將來要顯於我們的榮耀,就不足介意了。羅馬書 8:18
I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. Romans 8:18

因為你們蒙恩,不但得以信服基督,並要為他受苦。腓立比書 1:29
For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him. Philippians 1:29

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